Monthly meteorological data of Sanjiangyuan includes 32 national standard meteorological stations. There are 26 variables: average local pressure, extreme maximum local pressure, date of extreme maximum local pressure, extreme minimum local pressure, date of extreme minimum local pressure, average temperature, extreme maximum temperature, date of extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature and date of extreme minimum temperature, average temperature anomaly, average maximum temperature, average minimum temperature, sunshine hours, percentage of sunshine, average relative humidity, minimum relative humidity, date of occurrence of minimum relative humidity, precipitation, days of daily precipitation >=0.1mm, maximum daily precipitation, date of maximum daily precipitation, percentage of precipitation anomaly, average wind speed, maximum wind speed, date of maximum wind speed, maximum wind speed, wind direction of maximum wind speed, wind direction of maximum wind speed and occurrence date of maximum wind speed. The data format is txt, named by the site ID, and each file has 26 columns. The names and units of each column are explained in the SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MON_readme.txt file. Projection information: Albers isoconic projection Central meridian: 105 degrees First secant: 25 degrees First secant: 47 degrees West deviation of coordinates: 4000000 meters

The data set includes estimated data on the SOS (start of season) and the EOS (end of season) of vegetation in Sanjiangyuan based on the MODIS 16-day synthetic NDVI product (MOD13A2 collection 6). Two common phenological estimation methods were adopted: the threshold extraction method based on polynomial fitting (the term “poly” was included in the file names) and the inflection point extraction method based on double logistic function fitting (the term “sig” was included in the file names). These data can be used to analyse the relationship between vegetation phenology and climate change. The temporal coverage ranges from 2001 to 2014, and the spatial resolution is 1 km.

The data set contains land cover data sets from the Yellow River Source, the Yangtze River Source, and the Lancang River from 1992 to 2015. A total of 22 land cover classifications based on the UN Land Cover Classification System were included. NOAA AVHRR, SPOT, ENVISAT, PROBA-V and other vegetation classification products were integrated. In China, (1) first, combined with the 1:100,000 vegetation classification (2007) of China, quality correction and control were performed, and (2) the vegetation classification of China emphasized the combination with climate zones, when correcting CCI-LC, climate divisions and the corresponding vegetation types were combined, and the data label was comprehensively revised.

The data set includes the estimated data of the SOS (start of season) and the EOS (end of season) of vegetation in Sanjiangyuan based on 10-day synthetic NDVI products from the SPOT satellite. Two common phenological estimation methods were adopted: the threshold extraction method based on polynomial fitting (the term “poly” was included in the file names) and the inflection point extraction method based on double logistic function fitting (the term “sig” was included in the file names). These data can be used to analyse the relationship between vegetation phenology and climate change. The temporal coverage is from 1999 to 2013, and the spatial resolution is 1 km.

The data set was obtained from the background survey of wildlife diversity in Three River Source National Park by Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The time range of the data set is 2017, and the survey area is Three River Source National Park. The survey species include a variety of rare wildlife such as Equus kiang, Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, Cervus elaphus, Accipiter nisus, Phoenicurus erythrogastrus, Prionailurus bengalensis, Buteo hemilasius, Procapra picticaudata, Tetraogallus tibetanus, Perdix hodgsoniae, Falco cherrug, etc.

On August 19, 2018, DJI UAV was used to aerial photograph the alpine meadow sample in Qumali County, the source Park of the Yangtze River. The overlap degree of adjacent photographs was not less than 70% according to the set flight route. The Orthophoto Image and DSM were generated using the photographs taken. The Orthophoto Image included three bands of red, green and blue. The ground resolution of the Orthophoto Image was 2.5 cm, and the area of the image was 860 m x 770 m, and the resolution of DSM. It's 4.5cm.

On August 20, 2018, a DJI Elf 4 UAV camera was used to take aerial photographs of the alpine meadow sample in Qumali County, which is located in the source area of the Yangtze River. A total of 31 routes were set up. The flight altitude was 100 m, and the overlap degree of adjacent photographs was not less than 70%. A total of 664 aerial photographs were obtained and stored in the Drone Photoes of Qumalai (2018) folder.

This data comes from the National Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which was provided free to the public by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. In order to use the data more conveniently, the source of the three rivers is spliced and cut as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the source area of the three rivers. The data trend is 2017. This data set is composed of 1:1 million residential areas in Sanjiangyuan area, including residential land (RESA) and residential place (RESP) layers, RESP residential area (point) layers, including ordinary houses, grazing areas and so on.

This data comes from the National Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which was provided free to the public by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. We have spliced and cut the source of the three rivers as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the study of the source area of the three rivers. The data trend is 2015. This data set consists of 1:250,000 residential areas in Sanjiangyuan area, including two layers of residential land (RESA) and residential place (RESP). Resident land (RESA) mainly refers to the outline of surface residential area, and residential place (RESP) includes ordinary houses, shacks, caves, Mongolian yurts, grazing places, etc. Names and definitions of RESA attribute items: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 310200 Name and Definition of Residential Place (RESP) Attribute Item: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 310200 ANGLE Angle 67

This data was originated from the National Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which was provided free to the public by the National Basic Geographic Information Center in November 2017. We have spliced and cut the source of the three rivers as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the study of the source area of the three rivers. The data trend is 2017. This data set is AGNP data of 1:1 million residential place names in Sanjiangyuan area, including administrative place names at all levels and urban and rural residential place names. Names and Definitions of Attribute Items of Residential Place Name Data (AGNP): Attribute Item Description Fill in Example CLASS Geographical Name Classification Code AK NAME Name Quanqu Village PINYIN Chinese Pinyin Quanqucun GNID Place Name Code 632524000000 XZNAME Township Name Ziketan Township

This data originates from the National Geographic Information Resources Catalogue Service System, which was provided free to the public in November 2017. We have spliced and cut the source of the three rivers as a whole, so as to facilitate the use of the study of the source area of the three rivers. This data set is composed of 1:1 million water coefficient data in Sanjiangyuan area, including three layers: water system surface (HYDA), water system line (HYDL) and water system point (HYDP). The water system surface (HYDA) includes lakes, reservoirs and double-line rivers; the water system line (HYDL) includes single-line rivers, ditches, river structure lines; and the water system point (HYDP) includes springs and wells. HYDA Attribute Item Name and Definition: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 210101 HYDC Water System Name Code KJ2103 NAME Name Heihe WQL Water Quality PERIOD Seasonal Month 7-9 TYPE Type Pass HYDL property item name and definition: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 210101 HYDC Water System Name Code KJ2103 NAME Name Heihe PERIOD Seasonal Month 7-9 HYDP property item name and definition: Attribute Item Description Fill in Example GB National Standard Classification Code 210101 NAME TYPE Type ANGLE Angle 75 Water coefficient data GB code and its meaning: Attribute Item Code Description GB 210101 Surface rivers 210200 Seasonal River 210300 Dry River 230101 Lakes 230102 Ponds 230200 Seasonal Lake 230300 Dry Lake 240101 Build Reservoir 240102 Built-in Reservoir

On August 22, 2018, in the Lancang River Source Park, a camera was carried on DJI Elf 4 UAV to take aerial photographs of the sample area. A total of 20 routes (5 missing routes) were set up, flying at a height of 100 m, and the overlap degree of adjacent photos was not less than 70%. A total of 1160 aerial photographs were obtained and stored in two folders of "100 MEDIA" and "101 MEDIA".